Over the past few months, conflicts in the Middle East have experienced significant developments that have had an impact on regional and global stability. The war in Syria remains a major issue, with international powers such as Russia and the United States involved in complex dynamics. Russia continues to back Bashar al-Assad’s regime, providing military and diplomatic support, while the United States focuses on dealing with extremist groups such as ISIS and supporting Kurdish forces. This created increasing tension between the two great powers. In Yemen, the conflict between the internationally recognized government and the Iranian-backed Houthi group continues to drag on. Despite several UN-facilitated peace efforts, ceasefire violations and violence continue, resulting in severe humanitarian suffering. More than twenty million people in Yemen now require humanitarian assistance, making the crisis one of the most severe in the world. Meanwhile, the situation in Gaza is increasingly tense with repeated attacks between the Hamas group and Israel. Tensions have risen following Israel’s decision to relax the blockade, but the situation remains fragile. The need for reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas is also a serious concern because it could affect stability in the region. Lebanon is also experiencing serious challenges due to a prolonged economic crisis and political tensions. Social unrest within the country, coupled with the Syrian refugee problem, adds to the complexity of the situation in Lebanon. The government is struggling to function effectively in the face of accusations of corruption and widespread public dissatisfaction. The latest review of relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia suggests efforts to ease tensions. The two countries have initiated a dialogue that could be key to stabilization in the region, although differences in ideology and interests remain obstacles. Apart from that, the street crisis in Iraq also reflects people’s dissatisfaction with their government, which is seen as unable to meet people’s basic needs. The protests sparked violence between protesters and security forces, and attracted international media attention. The presence of Iran-backed paramilitary groups further complicates the situation, creating an atmosphere of greater uncertainty. The global influence on the conflict in the Middle East also includes shifts in foreign policy in major countries such as the US and Russia. The US continues a leaner diplomatic approach, while Russia increases its influence through strategic alliances and military intervention. Neighboring countries are also paying attention to this issue, considering that their security is at stake amid increasing tensions. There is also a new threat emerging from extremist groups, which continue to try to recruit members by taking advantage of political instability in the region. International strategies to eradicate this group continue to be pursued, but the results are still far from expectations. Recent developments in the Middle East show that conflicts will continue and involve various actors, both local and international, with an increasingly complex spectrum of problems. This requires all parties to consider a holistic and constructive approach to achieve urgent and sustainable solutions.
